Fish & freshwater shrimp collections in preparation.

SPECIES DOSSIER · RESEARCH STAGE

Betta rubra

Toba Betta

One left-facing Toba Betta on black
IUCN ENEndangered
About this image

Illustrative or adapted specimen presentation. It is not a documentary photograph of LIMNIC stock, a voucher specimen or evidence of successful breeding.

Scientific references establish the profile’s research context; they do not by themselves establish image ownership or validate the depicted animal.

Media provenance register · Original creator and reuse permissions remain subject to verification where the retained record is incomplete.

Identity and origin

Origin
Northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia; west-coast Aceh records
Identity
Described Sumatran mouthbrooding species

Distinguish this species from Betta dennisyongi using the revised diagnostic characters, including head markings. Historical trade labels alone do not establish identity.

Habitat and care

Documented in shaded blackwater habitats, including a stagnant pool near an uprooted tree. Habitat and identity reference

Explore the habitat

Betta rubra — Documented in shaded blackwater habitats, including a stagnant pool near an uprooted tree.

Documented in shaded blackwater habitats, including a stagnant pool near an uprooted tree.

Illustrative habitat reconstruction

Plan before choosing

Habitat
Peat blackwater
Size and measurement
Fresh specimens in Table 1 of Tan (2013) measure 35.3–42.5 mm standard length. This sample range is not an established captive adult maximum.
Planning context
Verify identity against the redescription and distinguish B. dennisyongi. Blackwater habitat observations alone do not establish a complete care protocol.

Tan (2013) · redescription
Source check: . Independent husbandry review pending.

Plan around the wild species

Care-planning notes. Confirm exact requirements for the species and source population.

  • Wild Betta have different habitats and breeding strategies; ornamental Betta splendens advice cannot cover every species.
  • Retain species and locality records, and verify whether the line is a bubble-nester or a mouthbrooder.
  • Plan a secure cover, shelter and a species-specific social arrangement before acquiring a line.
Read the wild Betta field guide →

Evidence record

Conservation record: Endangered (EN); assessment year 2018. Conservation source record. This retained reference is an index or secondary record; the direct assessment and date require verification. Check for a newer assessment before making conservation or sourcing decisions.

Identity and locality source check: . Editorial source check; independent taxonomic review pending. Research profile; availability is not open.

Catalogue inclusion confirms a research record, not current stock, legal export, or destination-country import permission.

  1. Tan (2013), redescription and comparison.